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绝密★考试结束前
2023年4月高等教育自学考试
英语(一)试题
课程代码：00012
1. 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔
填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
选择题部分
注意事项：
每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮
擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分：阅读判断(第1～10题，每题1分，共10分)
下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果 该句提供的是正确信息，选择A; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B; 如果该句的 信息文中没有提及，选择C。 在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Courtroom Pioneer
Constance B.Motley was born on September 14, 1921 in Connecticut. She was the ninth in a family of twelve children. She was a good student. And when she was a teenager, she decided to become a lawyer. However, her family did not have enough money to send her to college.
When she was eighteen, something happened that changed her life. One night she attended a meeting at a center for the black community. She gave a speech. She said that blacks should play a larger part in running the center. Clarence W. Blakeslee, a rich philanthropist (慈善家), was impressed by her speech. As a result, he offered to pay for her education. This helped her to reach her goal of becoming a lawyer.
She first attended Fisk University in Tennessee. Then she went to New York University and received a college degree in 1943. She studied law at Columbia University Law School and received a law degree in 1946. After she finished law school, she became a civil rights lawyer.
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After almost 20 years as a lawyer, she entered politics. In 1964, she became a New York state senator (参议员). She was the first black woman to hold this office. In 1965, she became
the first woman to be president of Manhattan in New York City.
Her work came to the attention of President Lyndon Johnson. In 1966, the President named her a federal judge. She was the first black woman to serve as a judge in the US District Court. Since joining the court, she has continued to be interested in the rights of all people.
1. Constance came from a large family.
A.True B.False C. Not Given
2. Becoming a politician was young Constance's dream.
A.True B.False C. Not Given
3.Constance regularly gave speeches in her community.
A.True B.False C. Not Given
4. Clarence offered to support her education, but Constance refused.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
5. Constance got a law degree from New York University in 1946.
A.True B.False C. Not Given
6. Before 1964, there was no black woman serving as a New York state senator.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
7.Constance was married to a lawyer.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
8. Constance once served as president of Manhattan in New York City.
A.True B.False C. Not Given
9. President Johnson named Constance a federal judge.
A.True B.False C. Not Given
10.After 1966, Constance began to take interest in the rights of all people.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
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第二部分：阅读选择(第11～15题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项 (A、B、C、D) 中选出1个最佳 选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。
Children are a main target for advertisers and salesmen across the world. They are easily influenced by advertising. Also, they may easily get their parents to buy a certain product for them. If they want something, children will pester (纠缠) their parents until they get it. A little suggestion from a single advertisement can send them on their way.
McDonald's at one stage advised its employees to target children. Its campaign (广告活动) "Kids Are the Star" encouraged employees to pay special attention to children. The purpose was to give children a positive experience while eating at its restaurants. The reason for this was not that McDonald's cared deeply about the general health and happiness of children. It was really interested in the pester-power of children. This power might bring parents back for
more visits.
Advertisers target children in a very simple way. They use bright lights, happy people and cartoon characters. All these encourage children to think a certain product is something they want. Children truly believe what an advertiser tells them.
Children arrive at McDonald's and consume high amounts of salt, sugar and fat. Their bodies have an immediate positive reaction. This reaction lasts about as long as they are at the place. By the time they're "coming down(平静下来)", you're on the way home.
If you want what's best for your children, try your best to keep them away from TV.It is bad for their brains, and bad for your wallet, too! Take them outside, not to McDonald's, but
to the beach.
11. Advertisers target children mainly because children
A. spend a lot of time watching TV B. have strong buying power
C. may have pocket money to spend D.can affect parents'buying decisions
12. The campaign "Kids Are the Star"aimed to encourage children to
A. come back to McDonald's B. become stars
C. make their own decisions D. stay in good health
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13. What do advertisers often use to target children?
A. Colorful products.
B. Healthy food.
C. Cartoon characters.
D. Famous people.
14. Children like McDonald's because they can
A. get immediate satisfaction
B. eat as much as they want
C. stay there for a long time
D. go there whenever they want
15. What is the main idea of this text?
A. Parents should help children spend money wisely.
B. Advertisers take advantage of children.
C. The food offered by McDonald's is not healthy.
D.McDonald's is very successful in its business.
非选择题部分
注意事项：
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(第16～25题，每题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16～20 题后所给的6个 选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选 项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。将答案选项前的字母填写在答题纸相应位 置上。
Should I Gain Weight?
① It's almost never a good idea for a kid to try to gain weight, especially by eating lots of unhealthy fast food. It may seem strange that some kids want to gain weight when many
people want to be thinner. But kids who are thin sometimes feel like they aren't the right size.
And they might even get laughed at for their size.
② People come in different shapes and sizes. You might have friends the same age who weigh a lot more than you do. It doesn't mean that either of you is the wrong weight. If you're not too tall, there's less of you. That equals fewer pounds when you step on the scale. Or you might be small-framed(骨架). Your body frame might be smaller or thinner.
③ You might feel thin compared with friends who've gone through puberty (青春期). During puberty, it's normal for kids to grow a lot and gain weight, too. If one kid hasn't hit puberty and another has, the one who's still waiting for puberty is likely to be smaller and
thinner.
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④ Your parents might be short, small or thin people. Your mom and dad pass along their genes(基因) to you—including the genes that help determine your height and body frame. If close family members are small or thin, there's a good chance you will be, too.
5 Being laughed at is one reason why thin kids sometimes want to gain weight. It's never fun to be treated this way. If this happens to you, be sure to tell a grown-up who can help. You might also say back to someone who laughs at you,"That's just the way I am. Everybody is different."
Task 1
16.Paragraph 17.Paragraph 18.Paragraph 19.Paragraph
20.Paragraph
① :
② :
③ :
④ :
5:
A. Weight and health
B. Weight and gene
C. Weight and puberty
D. Weight, shape and size
E. How to deal with being laughed at
F. Why some kids want to gain weight
Task 2
21. It seems unusual that some kids
22. Compared with short people, taller people often
23. Kids may not start their puberty
24. One's body frame will be similar to that of one's
25. One way to deal with being laughed at is to look for help
A. friends
B. weigh more
C. at the same age
D. from grown-ups
E. close family members
F. want to gain weight
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第四部分：填句补文(第26～30题，每题2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容 将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案选项前的字母填写在答题纸相应位 置上。
The History of Chalk
Chalk used in school classrooms comes in sticks. Lessons are often presented to entire classes on blackboards using sticks of chalk. 26
Chalk has been used for drawing since ancient times. 27 Later, artists of different
countries and styles used chalk mainly for sketches (素描).
Chalk did not become standard in schoolrooms until the 19th century. 28 Teachers needed a convenient way of teaching many students at one time. Instructors used large
blackboards, and students also worked with individual chalkboards.
Blackboards used to be black, because they were made from real slate (石板). Some experts made yellow chalkboards and dark blue chalk to simulate (模拟) writing on paper. However, when manufacturers began to make chalkboards from man-made materials during the 20th century, they chose the color green. 29 Later, yellow became the preferred
color for chalk.
Almost all chalk produced today is dustless. Earlier, softer chalk tended to produce a cloud of dust. 30 Dustless chalk still produces dust; it's just that the dust settles faster.
Manufacturers accomplish this by baking their chalk longer to harden it more.
A. The manufacturing of chalk is becoming more complicated
B. Some feared such dust might cause breathing problems
C. It helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings
D. They argued that it was easier on the eyes
E. At that time class sizes began to increase
F. This method has proven cheap and easy
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第五部分：填词补文(第31～40题，每题1.5分，共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文 内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案选项前的字母填写在答题纸相 应位置上。
Family Relationship
There are many difficult matters in family relationship. One of them is that you don't control the 31 relationship yourself.
When major family relationship problems occur, it's 32 to attempt a control strategy. You try to get the other person to change. Sometimes this approach works, 33 if your request and the other person's are both reasonable. But many times it
doesn't.
On the other hand, if you can't change other people, maybe you should 34 accept them as they are. That's another strategy that sometimes works. But sometimes this can lead to bitterness and 35 if your needs aren't being 36
There is, however, a third option(选择). You can change yourself in a(n) 37 that
solves the problem. This 38 that you reconsider the problem as an internal one instead
of a(n) 39 one. This means that you need to 40 your awareness and make a
change in your beliefs.
A. anger
B. just
C. especially
D. met
E. common
F. entire
G. created
H. requires
I. expand
J.external
K. way
L. spread
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第六部分：完形补文(第41～50题，每题1.5分，共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正
确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。
“Friends”on Instant Messaging(即时通讯)
In the past, most people communicated ( communicate) by phone or letter. Not many
people had 41 (hear) of e-mail or Instant Messaging (IM). Today, many.42 (adult)
send e-mails as their primary means of communication. Teenagers spend much of their time 43 (use) IM to chat in real time.
With access to billions of people, the meaning of a "friend"has 44 (change). Online friends are often people that teenagers don't know in their real life. They may be
people that teenagers met online by chance.
Such a relationship lacks real-life investment in a 45 (friend). Online friends
don't 46 (real) know about one another. Therefore, these "friends" are more likely to
be 47 (kind). Furthermore, teenagers can 48 (easy) be fooled. As a result, people
who are 49 (hide) their real purpose are 50 (increasing) targeting teenagers.
第七部分：短文写作(第51题，30分)
请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80 词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在
答题纸相应的位置上。
51.
某英文报社就周末休闲方式征稿，题目为"My Favorite Leisure Activity at Weekends”。 请你根据下面的内容要点，给报社
写一篇英文应征稿。
● 简单陈述周末休闲的方式，如逛公园、看电影、购物等
● 说明你最喜欢的休闲方式以及喜欢的原因
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